10 Best Layer 1 Crypto Projects for 2024

Kane Pepi

Last updated: March 27, 2024 06:56 EDT | 20 min read

Many cryptocurrency investors prefer layer 1 networks over secondary tokens, such as those following the ERC-20 or BEP-20 standards. After all, layer 1 blockchains determine their own consensus models, governance, and transaction processing.

This guide analyzes the 10 best layer 1 crypto projects for investors. We explore each layer 1 network in terms of performance, efficiency, scalability, use cases, and price action.

Analyzing the Best Layer 1 Tokens

Read on for our analysis of the top layer 1 blockchain projects listed above.

1. Ethereum: Leading Smart Contract and dApp Network With Thousands of Secondary Tokens

In our view, Ethereum is one of the best layer 1 crypto projects to invest in. At its core, Ethereum is a smart contact network, enabling developers to build decentralized applications. ERC-20 projects benefit from Ethereum’s security, decentralization, and fast transactions. In turn, projects pay transaction fees in Ethereum’s native cryptocurrency, ETH.

There are thousands of projects operating on Ethereum, with new ones being launched every day. This includes leading stablecoins like Tether, USD Coin, and Dai, Ethereum is also the go-to network for metaverse experiences and play-to-earn games. Some popular examples include Axie Infinity, Tamadoge, the Sandbox, and Decentraland.

In addition, Ethereum is popular with decentralized finance projects. This includes everything from SushiSwap and Maker, Lido Dao, Uniswap, Yearn.finance, and SushiSwap. Ethereum has become so popular that it constantly faces network congestion. This is why layer 2 solutions have been developed, such as Arbitrum and Polygon.

Nonetheless, Ethereum is working on improving network efficiency, scalability, and cost-effectiveness. Once this happens, layer 2 solutions might become irrelevant. In terms of valuation, Ethereum is the second-largest cryptocurrency by market capitalization. It has increased by over 70% in the past year. Since its inception, Ethereum is up over 1 million percent.

2. BNB: Deflationary Layer 1 Cryptocurrency Supporting dApps and a Burning Mechanism

BNB is the native cryptocurrency of the BNB Chain. It was created in late 2017 by Binance. The original BNB use case was for reduced commissions on the Binance exchange. Put simply, those paying fees in BNB will benefit from a 25% discount. BNB now supports a fully-fledged ecosystem.

For example, the BNB Chain handles thousands of secondary tokens. The BNB Chain also supports smart contracts, so an increasing number of developers are choosing the network for their dApp creations. This includes play-to-earn games, staking protocols, and some of the best no KYC crypto exchanges.

Based on the proof-of-stake consensus mechanism, the BNB Chain is both efficient and cost-effective. What’s more, BNB offers exposure to Binance, the world’s largest exchange. BNB is trading at an attractive price right now. According to CoinMarketCap, the BNB price is almost 23.17% below its all-time high, which was hit in 2021.

We should also mention that Binance has developed a burning mechanism for BNB. Unlike other burning programs, Binance uses retained profits to repurchase BNB from public exchanges. This makes the burning mechanism sustainable. This will continue until the total BNB supply is reduced by 50%.

3. Ripple: Invest in the Future of Layer 1 Cross-Border Finance 

Ripple is a layer 1 blockchain that was launched in 2012. It has an average transaction speed of under five seconds and fees cost just 0.00001 XRP (about $0.0000062). The Ripple network was created to revolutionize the trillion-dollar interbank market. In its current form, most cross-border payments go through SWIFT.

SWIFT transactions can be expensive and slow, especially when exotic currencies are being used. Ripple solves this through its layer 1 payments network. To streamline cross-currency transfers, Ripple uses XRP tokens as a bridge of liquidity. This makes corresponding banking networks redundant.

Ripple is already being used by many financial institutions. This includes PNC Bank, Bank of America, Standard Chartered, and Cuallix. As more banks adopt the technology, this will increase demand for XRP tokens. However, it’s important to note that XRP is only needed for liquidity purposes. Moreover, transacting parties only need to hold XRP tokens for several seconds.

Nevertheless, Ripple remains one of the best layer 1 crypto projects. In terms of valuation, XRP tokens have increased by nearly 25,000% since they were launched over 10 years ago. Although 54.74% of XRP tokens are currently in circulation, the balance is locked in escrow with strategic releases.

4. Sei: Newly-Launched Layer 1 Network Supporting 20,000 Transactions per Second 

While Sei is one of the best layer 1 crypto projects around, it was only launched in mid-2023. This makes it the newest layer 1 network on this list. What’s more, Sei also has the lowest market capitalization, currently valued at just over $2.1 billion. This will appeal to investors who want exposure to an up-and-coming layer 1 blockchain with plenty of upside.

That being said, Sei has already produced significant returns after launching just a few months ago. According to CoinMarketCap data, Sei has increased by over 10,525% since its August 2023 listing. Considering the bull market hasn’t officially started, Sei could have much more upside left in the tank.

In terms of its underlying technology, Sei claims to be the fastest layer 1 blockchain in the market. It has an average transaction settlement time of 380 milliseconds. It also excels in the scalability department; Sei can handle up to 20,000 transactions per second. Sei already has some notable backers, including Coinbase, Frax, Jump, and Multicoin Capital.

5. Solana: Powering the Future of dApps and Web 3.0 Projects With Low Fees and High Scalability

For many investors, Solana is one of the best layer 1 crypto projects. It’s often called an Ethereum Killer, considering it facilitates smart contracts and dApps much more efficiently. In particular, Solana can handle thousands of transactions every second, making it ideal for Web 3.0 projects.

For instance, consider a decentralized finance project. Every buy and sell order requires a new transaction on the blockchain. This isn’t an issue for Solana, while Ethereum is limited to under 30 transactions per second. Solana is also cost-effective, transactions average a tiny fraction of a cent. Speed is also impressive; Solana achieves transaction finality in milliseconds.

Although the Solana ecosystem is small when compared to Ethereum, an increasing number of dApps are being developed. This covers payment solutions, NFT marketplaces, decentralized finance, and other Web 3.0 niches. While Solana is rising rapidly, it’s still down over 41% from its all-time high in 2021, meaning that investors still have time to buy the dip.

6. Bitcoin: The Original Layer 1 Blockchain, New All-Time High and ETF Approval in 2024

Bitcoin is the original layer 1 blockchain and the best crypto to buy. Although Bitcoin was initially created as a medium of exchange, it now functions as a store of value. This is largely because of Bitcoin’s immutable and fixed supply. Every 10 minutes, 6.25 BTC tokens enter circulation. However, this will be reduced to 3.125 BTC when the next Bitcoin halving event takes place.

Expected in April 2024, Bitcoin halving events have historically resulted in prolonged price increases and new all-time highs. The SEC approval for a Bitcoin ETF gave institutional investors Bitcoin exposure and further pushed it into the mainstream.

Bitcoin has been on a solid run since the turn of 2023. It is currently trading at just over $71,000, after hitting a new all-time high on 11 March 2024. According to some analysts, Bitcoin could hit $100,000 by the end of 2024. Ark Invest CEO Cathie Wood believes Bitcoin could hit $1.48 million by 2030.

7. Bitcoin Cash: Medium-of-Exchange Aiming to Become the De Facto Payment Currency

Bitcoin Cash is a layer 1 crypto project that spun off from the original Bitcoin in 2017. While Bitcoin is now considered a store of value, Bitcoin Cash functions as a medium of exchange. This means that BCH tokens are used primarily as a payment currency.

When compared to Bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash is a more efficient blockchain network, not only in terms of speed but scalability and fees too. This is because Bitcoin Cash increased the block size limit, making it more suitable for day-to-day transactions. Bitcoin Cash has a market capitalization of over $8.4 billion. Over the prior year of trading, BCH tokens are up 120%.

However, Bitcoin Cash hasn’t recorded new all-time highs since late 2017. Right now, the tokens are trading at a 94% discount. Although the jury is out on Bitcoin Cash’s long-term potential, it’s still one of the most traded cryptocurrencies globally. For instance, in the past day, nearly $470 million worth of BCH tokens have been traded.

8. Stellar: Cheap Fiat Cross-Border Payments and Tokenization of Real-World Assets

Stellar is one of the most diverse layer 1 crypto networks. It has many use cases, including cheap and fast cross-border payments. Unlike other blockchains, this includes fiat money transfers. XLM, its native token, provides liquidity, meaning any currency can be used. According to Stellar, the average settlement time is currently just 5.8 seconds.

Another use case for Stellar is the tokenization of real-world assets. Anyone can create, issue, and store digital versions of currencies, stores on value, and much more. Stellar even enables users to implement KYC protocols, ensuring their tokenized assets remain compliant with global regulators.

Stellar has worked with many recognized companies, including MoneyGram, Circle, IBM, BitGo, Fireworks, and Franklin Templeton. However, while Stellar continues to broaden its ecosystem, XLM tokens still trade at a fraction of their former all-time highs. Investors will get an 84% discount when compared to XLM’s peak of $0.93.

9. Polkadot: True Blockchain Interoperability Supporting All Forms of Digital Data

Polkadot is one of the best layer 1 crypto projects for ‘blockchain interoperability’. In a nutshell, interoperability allows two completely different blockchains to share data. However, unlike other interoperability protocols, Polkadot doesn’t just support cross-chain token transfers. On the contrary, it can handle all forms of digital data.

For example, Polkadot facilitates everything from smart contracts and dApps to NFTs. It can also connect decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs), even those operating on different consensus models and network standards. DOT is the ecosystem token that bridges everything together.

DOT tokens are ‘bonded’, meaning they create a bridge for cross-blockchain transfers. This creates a solid use case, as Polkadot cannot be used without sufficient DOT tokens. In terms of price performance, Polkadot is up by over 92% on a 12-month basis, making it one of the best utility tokens to buy.

10. Kaspa: Innovative Layer 1 Network With Proof-of-Work Consensus in 1 Second

Kaspa is an innovative layer 1 blockchain that uses the proof-of-work consensus mechanism. Although proof-of-work is known for unparalleled security and transparency, transactions are typically slow. This is where Kaspa comes in. Through a ‘kHeavyHash’ hashing algorithm, Kaspa has reduced block confirmation times to just one second.

This means that Kaspa offers the perfect balance between security and speed. Considering its past performance, Kaspa is also one of the top trending cryptocurrencies right now.

Today, Kaspa trades over 89,600% higher at $0.153. What’s more, Kaspa is already trading on some of the best crypto exchanges, including MEXC. As such, while Kaspa is still a new layer 1 cryptocurrency, it has access to plenty of liquidity. Kaspa also has a relatively modest valuation when compared to similar projects; it has a market capitalization of just over $3 billion.

What is Blockchain Layer 1?

Layer 1 blockchains are the foundation of a decentralized network. The easiest way to understand layer 1 blockchains is to use Solana as an example. Solana is a layer 1 blockchain with a proprietary cryptocurrency, SOL. However, Solana also enables other cryptocurrencies to build on its network.

These are secondary cryptocurrencies, as they merely follow Solana’s underlying code. This is fundamental for several reasons. For a start, Solana-based cryptocurrencies must pay transaction fees in SOL, rather than their own native token. This is the case with similar layer 1 networks, be it Ethereum, BNB, or Cardano.

Therefore, as more projects build on Solana, demand for SOL also increases. In addition, layer 1 blockchains have their own governance models. This means they determine which consensus mechanism to use, such as proof-of-stake or proof-of-work. Put otherwise, the best layer 1 crypto projects have proprietary technology.

In contrast, projects built on a layer 1 blockchain have no say in governance, network proposals, transaction fees, or other network metrics. This is why layer 1 cryptocurrencies are so popular with investors. They’re generally viewed as long-term projects, as it often takes many years to develop a fully functional ecosystem.

This isn’t the case with secondary cryptocurrencies. For example, anyone can build an ERC-20 token on the Ethereum blockchain. Although there are plenty of solid projects like Uniswap and Chainlink, most ERC-20 tokens have no utility or value.

Why Invest in Layer 1 Blockchain Coins?

This section explains why layer 1 blockchain coins could be a great addition to your investment portfolio.

Invest in the Foundation of a Decentralized Network

A great analogy when exploring the layer 1 crypto projects is to consider ‘land’ and ‘buildings’. For example, a layer 1 network like Ethereum is the ‘land’. While ERC-20 tokens are the ‘buildings’ erected on Ethereum’s land. This means that Ethereum is the ultimate beneficiary.

It determines everything from network fees and consensus models to tokenized standards and circulating supplies. While ERC-20 tokens can build unique and innovative projects, they must adhere to Ethereum’s underlying code. From an investment perspective, Ethereum allows you to invest directly in its network, rather than opting for secondary projects.

Secondary Tokens Create Demand for Layer 1 Cryptocurrencies 

We’ve established that most layer 1 blockchains allow other projects to build on their respective networks. This is hugely beneficial, as secondary projects create demand for the native network cryptocurrency. This is because transaction fees must be paid in the layer 1 token.

For example, consider a decentralized exchange like Uniswap, which is built on the Ethereum network. In the prior 24 hours, nearly $1 billion worth of trades have been conducted on Uniswap. Every time a trader swaps a cryptocurrency, they’ll need to pay fees in ETH.

Now consider that thousands of dApps operate on Ethereum. That’s a significant amount of ETH required for the Ethereum ecosystem to function.

Similarly, consider Polkadot, which allows competing blockchains to share data and communicate without centralized providers. To engage in cross-blockchain transfers, DOT tokens are required. In other words, it’s mandatory for developers to ‘bond’ DOT, should they wish to use the Polkadot framework.

Conclusion

In summary, the best layer 1 crypto projects offer a more favorable upside when compared to secondary tokens. Layer 1 ecosystems set their own rules, whether that’s consensus, transaction fees, or governance proposals.

What’s more, secondary tokens must pay fees in the respective layer 1 cryptocurrency. This creates long-term demand. Before investing in layer 1 projects, make sure you conduct your own research and consider the risks.

Layer 1 Cryptos FAQs

What are the top layer 1 cryptos?

The top layer 1 cryptocurrencies include Bitcoin, Ethereum, Polygon, Avalanche, BNB, and Solana.

Which is the fastest layer 1 blockchain?

Sei claims to be the fastest layer 1 blockchain, with average transaction times of just 380 milliseconds.

Is Dogecoin a layer 1?

Yes, Dogecoin is a layer 1 network – it has its own native blockchain and cryptocurrency token.

References

• https://www.cnbc.com/2023/07/17/ripple-hopes-judge-ruling-in-sec-case-will-lead-to-us-banks-using-xrp.html
• https://www.reuters.com/business/finance/sec-has-8-10-filings-possible-bitcoin-etf-products-gensler-2023-10-26/
• https://www.cnbc.com/2023/12/04/bitcoin-price-at-100000-in-2024-crypto-execs-say-bull-run-has-begun.html
• https://www.thestreet.com/crypto/markets/bitcoin-price-will-pass-1-million-by-2030-says-cathie-wood-ark-invest
• https://eips.ethereum.org/

About the Author

Kane Pepi

Kane Pepi is a financial, gambling and cryptocurrency writer with over 2,000 published works, including on platforms like InsideBitcoins and Motley Fool. He specializes in cryptocurrency guides, exchange and wallet reviews, and covers new crypto projects for Cryptonews.com. His expertise includes asset valuation, portfolio management, and financial crime prevention. Pepi holds a Bachelor's in Finance, a Master’s in Financial Crime, and is pursuing a Doctorate in money laundering in crypto and blockchain. Connect with Kane on LinkedIn.

More articles from Kane Pepi