{"id":38617,"date":"2020-11-22T12:55:23","date_gmt":"2020-11-22T12:55:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cryptonews.com\/tr\/?p=38617"},"modified":"2023-06-26T11:13:17","modified_gmt":"2023-06-26T11:13:17","slug":"negatif-faiz-oranlari-borclular-ve-tasarruf-sahipleri-cin-ne-3557","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cryptonews.com\/tr\/exclusives\/negatif-faiz-oranlari-borclular-ve-tasarruf-sahipleri-cin-ne-3557\/","title":{"rendered":"Negatif Faiz Oranlar\u0131 Bor\u00e7lular ve Tasarruf Sahipleri \u0130\u00e7in Ne Anlama Gelir?"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimg.co\/w\/articles-attachments\/1\/5fb\/a20671a142.jpeg\" sizes=\"(min-width: 640px) 720px, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cimg.co\/w\/articles-attachments\/1\/5fb\/a20671a142.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/cimg.co\/w\/articles-attachments\/2\/5fb\/a20671a142.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/cimg.co\/w\/articles-attachments\/3\/5fb\/a20671a142.jpeg 720w, https:\/\/cimg.co\/w\/articles-attachments\/4\/5fb\/a20671a142.jpeg 900w, https:\/\/cimg.co\/w\/articles-attachments\/0\/5fb\/a20671a142.jpeg 1991w\" alt=\"\" class=\"content-img\"><figcaption>Kaynak: Adobe\/UMB-O\n<\/figcaption><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><i>Harry Scheule, <b>Sidney Teknoloji &Uuml;niversitesi<\/b> (University of Technology Sydney), <b>UTS Business School<\/b>&#8216;da finans profes&ouml;r&uuml;d&uuml;r.<\/i><br>\n____<\/p><p>Finansal g&uuml;c&uuml;n koridorlar&#305;nda bir g&uuml;r&uuml;lt&uuml; kopmak &uuml;zere. Yeni Zelanda Merkez Bankas&#305; (RBNZ) ge&ccedil;ti&#287;imiz g&uuml;nlerde ticaret bankalar&#305;na  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rbnz.govt.nz\/monetary-policy\/official-cash-rate-decisions\">resmi nakit oran&#305;n&#305;n<\/a> belli belirsiz pozitiften negatife ge&ccedil;ebilece&#287;ini bildirdi.<\/p><p>&#350;u anda RBNZ, di&#287;er <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rbnz.govt.nz\/news\/2020\/11\/more-monetary-stimulus-provided\">parasal te&#351;vik &ouml;nlemleri<\/a> lehine b&ouml;yle bir hareketi erteliyor. Ancak b&uuml;y&uuml;k bankalar, yurt d&#305;&#351;&#305;ndaki ba&#351;ar&#305;lar&#305;n&#305;n s&#305;n&#305;rl&#305; oldu&#287;unu ve &uuml;lkenin bankac&#305;l&#305;k teknolojisinin buna ba&#287;l&#305; olmad&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; savunarak negatif oranlara <a href=\"https:\/\/www.interest.co.nz\/banking\/107660\/negative-interest-rate-scrap\">&#351;iddetle kar&#351;&#305; &ccedil;&#305;k&#305;yorlar<\/a>. <\/p><p>Bununla birlikte, bu, merkez bankas&#305; i&ccedil;in COVID-19 toparlanmas&#305;n&#305;n bir par&ccedil;as&#305; olarak harcamalar&#305;, yat&#305;r&#305;m&#305; ve istihdam&#305; te&#351;vik etme se&ccedil;ene&#287;i olmaya devam ediyor. Bor&ccedil;lanma maliyetinin d&uuml;&#351;&uuml;r&uuml;lmesiyle ekonomik faaliyet toparlan&#305;r ya da teoride &ouml;yledir.<\/p><p>Al&#305;&#351;&#305;lm&#305;&#351;&#305;n d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda para politikas&#305;na y&ouml;nelenler aras&#305;nda Japonya, &#304;svi&ccedil;re ve Avrupa Birli&#287;i bulunuyor. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-10-22\/will-australian-mortgage-rates-become-negative\/11623088\">Negatif faiz oranlar&#305;<\/a>, merkez bankas&#305; mevduatlar&#305;n&#305;n se&ccedil;ilen kademeleri i&ccedil;in -%0.1 ile -%0.8 aras&#305;nda de&#287;i&#351;iklik g&ouml;steriyor.<\/p><p>Ge&ccedil;mi&#351;te, nakit oran&#305; de&#287;i&#351;iklikleri, kredi ve mevduat oranlar&#305;ndaki de&#287;i&#351;ikliklerden beslenmi&#351;tir. &Ouml;rne&#287;in, nakit oran&#305;nda 25 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/b\/basispoint.asp\">baz puanl&#305;k<\/a> bir d&uuml;&#351;&uuml;&#351;, 1 milyon Yeni Zelanda dolar&#305; tutar&#305;nda bir kredide y&#305;ll&#305;k 2.500$ faiz tasarrufu sa&#287;layabilir.<\/p><p>Bununla birlikte, mevcut d&uuml;&#351;&uuml;k faiz oranlar&#305;nda, bu de&#287;i&#351;iklikler art&#305;k devam etmiyor, bu da RBNZ&#8217;nin yetkilerini &ouml;nemli &ouml;l&ccedil;&uuml;de s&#305;n&#305;rland&#305;r&#305;yor.<\/p><figure class=\"lazyload align-center \">\n            <img alt=\"Reserve Bank of NZ governor Adrian Orr speaking at a lecturn\" data-src=\"\" sizes=\"(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\" class=\" lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/cimg.co\/p\/no_image.svg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/368774\/original\/file-20201111-13-v8ti0y.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=400&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/368774\/original\/file-20201111-13-v8ti0y.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=400&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/368774\/original\/file-20201111-13-v8ti0y.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=400&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/368774\/original\/file-20201111-13-v8ti0y.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=503&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/368774\/original\/file-20201111-13-v8ti0y.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=503&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/368774\/original\/file-20201111-13-v8ti0y.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=503&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\">\n            <figcaption>\n              <span class=\"lazyload caption\">Reserve Bank of New Zealand governor Adrian Orr: negative interest rates are an option.<\/span>\n              <span class=\"lazyload attribution\"><span class=\"lazyload source\">GettyImages<\/span><\/span>\n            <\/figcaption>\n          <\/figure><h2 id=\"evet-banka-size-borclanmaniz-icin-odeme-yapiyor\">Evet, banka size bor&ccedil;lanman&#305;z i&ccedil;in &ouml;deme yap&#305;yor<\/h2><span class=\"replacer\"><\/span><p>Kula&#287;a &ccedil;&#305;lg&#305;nca gelebilir, ancak kredi faizi oran&#305; negatifse ve yaln&#305;zca faiz &#351;artlar&#305;na g&ouml;re kredi al&#305;rsan&#305;z, banka asl&#305;nda her d&ouml;nem size faiz &ouml;der. &Ouml;rne&#287;in, Danimarka&#8217;daki Jyske Bank, geri &ouml;deme s&uuml;resini etkili bir &#351;ekilde k&#305;saltarak <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/money\/2019\/aug\/13\/danish-bank-launches-worlds-first-negative-interest-rate-mortgage\">negatif faiz &ouml;demeleri<\/a> sunuyor. <\/p><p>Bankalar&#305;n kendilerinin de daha d&uuml;&#351;&uuml;k oranlarda tasarruflar&#305; ve ba&#351;ka fonlar&#305; varsa, bankalar bor&ccedil;lulara negatif oranlar teklif etme konusunda rahat olmal&#305;d&#305;r.<\/p><hr><p>\n  <em>\n    <strong>\n      Daha fazlas&#305; i&ccedil;in:\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/with-house-prices-soaring-again-the-government-must-get-ahead-of-the-market-and-become-a-customer-of-first-resort-149446\">With house prices soaring again the government must get ahead of the market and become a &#8216;customer of first resort&#8217;<\/a>\n    <\/strong>\n  <\/em>\n<\/p><hr><p>Ancak sorun &#351;u: Tasarruf sahipleri mevduat&#305; kabul etmeleri i&ccedil;in neden bankalara &ouml;deme yaps&#305;n? Birincisi, bir bankaya &ouml;deme yapmaktansa, yat&#305;r&#305;mlar&#305;n&#305; s&#305;f&#305;r faizle nakit olarak tutabilirler. &#304;kincisi, riskli varl&#305;klara pozitif faiz oranlar&#305;yla yat&#305;r&#305;m yapmay&#305; tercih edebilirler.<\/p><p>Bu nedenle, sadece &ccedil;ok b&uuml;y&uuml;k mevduat sahipleri (s&#305;n&#305;rl&#305; nakit saklama kabiliyetine sahip olanlar) paralar&#305;n&#305; negatif faiz oranlar&#305; sunan bankalara b&#305;rakma e&#287;ilimindeyken, s&#305;radan mevduat sahipleri s&#305;f&#305;r ya da daha y&uuml;ksek bir faiz oran&#305; al&#305;rlar.<\/p><h2 id=\"ancak-negatif-oranlar-ise-yariyor-mu?\">Ancak negatif oranlar i&#351;e yar&#305;yor mu?<\/h2><span class=\"replacer\"><\/span><p>Muhtemelen, ekonomik yat&#305;r&#305;m&#305; ve faaliyeti canland&#305;rmak i&ccedil;in bir ara&ccedil; olarak para politikas&#305; d&ouml;nemi sona ermi&#351;tir. Negatif oranlar, mutlaka verimli yat&#305;r&#305;m ve b&uuml;y&uuml;meye d&ouml;n&uuml;&#351;mez.<\/p><p>Negatif faiz oranlar&#305;na giden &uuml;lkeler, harcama ve yat&#305;r&#305;mda beklenen art&#305;&#351;lar&#305; sa&#287;lamad&#305;. Ayr&#305;ca, mevduat sahiplerine negatif oranlar uygulaman&#305;n zorlu&#287;u, kredi ve mevduat faizlerinin art&#305;k nakit oran&#305;n&#305; takip etmedi&#287;i anlam&#305;na gelir.<\/p><p>Bu, sabit faizli krediler gibi izole alanlar haricinde, %0.25&#8217;ten %0.1&#8217;e bir nakit oran&#305;n&#305;n ipotek bor&ccedil;lular&#305;na <a href=\"https:\/\/www.9news.com.au\/national\/commonwealth-bank-cuts-fixed-rate-loans-but-variable-rates-untouched\/e1da0757-4dfa-46f0-8908-0266944b2ea2\">aktar&#305;lmad&#305;&#287;&#305;<\/a> Avustralya&#8217;da da g&ouml;r&uuml;lmektedir.<\/p><p>A&#351;a&#287;&#305;daki grafik, ipoteklerdeki ortalama de&#287;i&#351;ken oran&#305;n&#305; zaman i&ccedil;inde artan a&ccedil;&#305;k ile Yeni Zelanda nakit kuruyla kar&#351;&#305;la&#351;t&#305;r&#305;r. Avustralya ve di&#287;er geli&#351;mi&#351; ekonomiler i&ccedil;in grafikler kar&#351;&#305;la&#351;t&#305;r&#305;labilir.<\/p><p><iframe id=\"bUYoQ\" class=\"lazyload tc-infographic-datawrapper\" data-src=\"https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/bUYoQ\/1\/\" height=\"400px\" width=\"100%\" style=\"border: none\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p><p>Avustralya Merkez Bankas&#305; (RBA) bor&ccedil;lulara, faiz indirimlerini kabul etmemeleri halinde <a href=\"https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2020-11-04\/reserve-bank-interest-rate-cut-banks-fixed-home-loan\/12847256\">bor&ccedil; verenleri de&#287;i&#351;tirmelerini<\/a> tavsiye etti. Ancak merkez bankalar&#305;n&#305;n sistemsel bir sorunu telafi etmek i&ccedil;in yapabilece&#287;i &ccedil;ok az &#351;ey var.<\/p><h2 id=\"riskler-neler?\">Riskler neler?<\/h2><span class=\"replacer\"><\/span><p>Negatif faiz oranlar&#305;n&#305;n mevcut COVID &#351;oklar&#305;na do&#287;ru yan&#305;t olmas&#305; pek de olas&#305; de&#287;ildir. Daha y&uuml;ksek harcamalara yol a&ccedil;maktansa, tam tersine, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.interest.co.nz\/banking\/106819\/reserve-bank-statistics-show-new-zealanders-increased-amount-their-bank-accounts\">daha fazla tasarruf yapma<\/a> e&#287;ilimindeyiz.<\/p><p>Bununla birlikte, mevduat sahipleri uzun vadede daha fazla getiri aray&#305;&#351;&#305;nda olacak ve fonlar&#305;n&#305; konut piyasalar&#305; da dahil olmak &uuml;zere daha riskli varl&#305;k s&#305;n&#305;flar&#305;na ta&#351;&#305;yacak, bu da fiyatlar&#305; art&#305;racak ve yeni al&#305;c&#305;lar i&ccedil;in sat&#305;n al&#305;nabilirli&#287;i azaltacakt&#305;r.<\/p><p>Ekonomistlerin &ccedil;o&#287;u, enflasyonun &#351;imdilik bir sorun olmad&#305;&#287;&#305; konusunda hemfikir. Peki ya orta vadede? Faiz oranlar&#305; tekrar y&uuml;kselirse, y&uuml;ksek kald&#305;ra&ccedil;l&#305; ipoteklere hizmet vermek zor olabilir.<\/p><hr><p>\n  <em>\n    <strong>\n      Daha fazlas&#305; i&ccedil;in:\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/cryptonews.com\/exclusives\/governments-can-t-cancel-pandemic-debt-by-printing-more-mone-8091\/\">Explainer: why the government can&#8217;t simply cancel its pandemic debt by printing more money<\/a>\n    <\/strong>\n  <\/em>\n<\/p><hr><p>Her iki durumda da, negatif oranlar mevcut ekonomik zorluklar i&ccedil;in uzun vadeli bir &ccedil;&ouml;z&uuml;m de&#287;ildir. Daha az kurtarma m&uuml;dahalesi gerektirerek ulusal ekonomiyi daha esnek hale getirmenin yollar&#305;n&#305; bulmal&#305;y&#305;z.<\/p><p>&Ouml;ncelikler, tedarik zincirlerinin k&#305;r&#305;lganl&#305;&#287;&#305; ve emek, mal ve hizmetlerin hala s&#305;n&#305;rl&#305; hareketi olmal&#305;d&#305;r. Yeni teknolojiler kilit hale gelebilir; evden &ccedil;al&#305;&#351;may&#305; ve &ccedil;evrimi&ccedil;i etkinlikleri organize etmeyi sa&#287;layan yenilikler, t&uuml;m end&uuml;strileri &#351;imdiden kurtarm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.<\/p><p>Ayr&#305;ca, bankac&#305;l&#305;k sisteminin de reforma ihtiyac&#305; var. Bankalar bin y&#305;lda bir &#351;ok varsay&#305;m&#305; &uuml;zerine &ccedil;al&#305;&#351;&#305;yorlar ancak son 13 y&#305;lda iki &#351;ok g&ouml;rd&uuml;k! <\/p><p>2008 k&uuml;resel mali krizinden sonra, mali sistemlerdeki g&uuml;venlik tamponlar&#305; devreye girdi. &Ouml;rne&#287;in, banka sermaye gereksinimleri, ekonomik gerileme d&ouml;nemlerinde azalt&#305;lmak &uuml;zere y&uuml;ksek tutuldu. &#350;imdi onlar&#305; korumak i&ccedil;in &#305;srar etmek yerine onlar&#305; &ccedil;i&#287;nemek i&ccedil;in iyi bir zaman m&#305;? <\/p><p>Negatif oranlara ula&#351;man&#305;n &ouml;tesinde, ekonomik temelleri yeniden d&uuml;&#351;&uuml;nme ve k&uuml;resel &#351;oklara kar&#351;&#305; daha dayan&#305;kl&#305; sistemler yaratma ihtiyac&#305;, COVID-19&#8217;un kal&#305;c&#305; derslerinden olmal&#305;d&#305;r.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img data-src=\"\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" style=\"border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important\" class=\" lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/cimg.co\/p\/no_image.svg\" data-srcset=\"\"><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https:\/\/theconversation.com\/republishing-guidelines --><\/p><p>Bu makale, <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\">The Conversation<\/a>&#8216;dan Creative Commons lisans&#305; alt&#305;nda al&#305;nm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Orijinal makaleyi <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/negative-interest-rates-could-be-coming-what-would-this-mean-for-borrowers-and-savers-149898\">buradan<\/a> okuyabilirsiniz.<\/p><p>____<br>\n<b>Daha fazlas&#305; i&ccedil;in:<\/b> <br>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/cryptonews.com\/tr\/exclusives\/koronavirus-pandemisinde-her-ulke-sihirli-para-agacini-salla-3491\/\">Koronavir&uuml;s Pandemisinde Her &Uuml;lke Sihirli Para A&#287;ac&#305;n&#305; Sallayam&#305;yor<\/a><br>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/cryptonews.com\/tr\/exclusives\/kapitalizm-ve-koronavirus-krizi-yaklasan-donusum-ler-3427\/\">Kapitalizm ve Koronavir&uuml;s Krizi: Yakla&#351;an D&ouml;n&uuml;&#351;&uuml;m(ler)<\/a><br>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/cryptonews.com\/tr\/exclusives\/bugun-brrrlayan-para-basma-makineleri-yarin-nasil-daha-yukse-2649\/\">Bug&uuml;n BRRRlayan Para Basma Makineleri Yar&#305;n Nas&#305;l Daha Y&uuml;ksek Vergilere Yol A&ccedil;abilir<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kaynak: Adobe\/UMB-O Harry Scheule, Sidney Teknoloji &Uuml;niversitesi (University of Technology Sydney), UTS Business School&#8216;da finans profes&ouml;r&uuml;d&uuml;r. ____Finansal g&uuml;c&uuml;n koridorlar&#305;nda bir g&uuml;r&uuml;lt&uuml; kopmak &uuml;zere. Yeni Zelanda Merkez Bankas&#305; (RBNZ) ge&ccedil;ti&#287;imiz g&uuml;nlerde ticaret bankalar&#305;na resmi nakit oran&#305;n&#305;n belli belirsiz pozitiften negatife ge&ccedil;ebilece&#287;ini bildirdi.&#350;u anda RBNZ, di&#287;er parasal te&#351;vik &ouml;nlemleri lehine b&ouml;yle bir hareketi erteliyor. Ancak b&uuml;y&uuml;k bankalar, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,4],"tags":[],"editors":[190,191],"sponsored_companies":[],"class_list":["post-38617","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exclusives","category-opinions","editors-harry-scheule","editors-uts-business-school"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Negatif Faiz Oranlar\u0131 Bor\u00e7lular ve Tasarruf Sahipleri \u0130\u00e7in Ne Anlama Gelir? - Cryptonews<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Finansal g\u00fcc\u00fcn koridorlar\u0131nda bir g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc kopmak \u00fczere. Yeni Zelanda Merkez Bankas\u0131 (RBNZ) ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde ticaret bankalar\u0131na resmi nakit oran\u0131n\u0131n belli belirsiz pozitiften negatife ge\u00e7ebilece\u011fini bildirdi.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cryptonews.com\/tr\/exclusives\/negatif-faiz-oranlari-borclular-ve-tasarruf-sahipleri-cin-ne-3557\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Negatif Faiz Oranlar\u0131 Bor\u00e7lular ve Tasarruf Sahipleri \u0130\u00e7in Ne Anlama Gelir? - Cryptonews\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Finansal g\u00fcc\u00fcn koridorlar\u0131nda bir g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc kopmak \u00fczere. 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