{"id":104563,"date":"2023-02-16T10:49:00","date_gmt":"2023-02-16T10:49:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cryptonews.com\/tr\/?p=105125"},"modified":"2023-07-21T08:23:48","modified_gmt":"2023-07-21T08:23:48","slug":"merkez-bankasi-bagisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cryptonews.com\/tr\/exclusives\/merkez-bankasi-bagisi\/","title":{"rendered":"Merkez Bankas\u0131 Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"deprem<\/figure>

D\u00fcn ak\u015fam TV\u2019lerin ortak deprem yard\u0131m kampanyas\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankas\u0131 (TCMB) tam 30 milyar TL ba\u011f\u0131\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyurdu. Herkes \u015fa\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. \u201cTCMB net rezervleri ekside de\u011fil mi? Merkez Bankas\u0131 nereden para buldu da ba\u011f\u0131\u015fl\u0131yor?<\/strong>\u201d sorular\u0131 kafalarda d\u00f6nmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>

Bankalar, finansal faaliyetleri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde Merkez Bankas\u0131\u2019ndan s\u00fcrekli bor\u00e7 al\u0131r ve geri \u00f6derler. TCMB bu bor\u00e7lara faiz uygular. Merkez Bankas\u0131 b\u00f6ylece s\u0131f\u0131ra yak\u0131n maliyetle \u00fcretti\u011fi kredi-para kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda faiz geliri elde etmi\u015f olur. TCMB\u2019nin kar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131 TL operasyonlar\u0131ndan gelir. D\u00f6viz al\u0131m-sat\u0131mlar\u0131, rezervler ve kur de\u011fi\u015fimleri de kar veya zarar olarak Merkez Bankas\u0131\u2019na yans\u0131r.<\/p>

2021 Y\u0131l sonu itibariyle TCMB, TL operasyonlardan 94 milyar TL kar, d\u00f6viz pozisyonlar\u0131ndan ise 20 milyar TL zarar etmi\u015fti. Nette TCMB 74 milyar TL kar a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. (1) 2022\u2019de ise D\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde bir\u00e7ok merkez bankas\u0131 zarar ediyor. TCMB\u2019nin kar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131 kurumlar vergisi \u00f6dendikten sonra bankan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck hissedar\u0131 ve adeta sahibi olan Hazine\u2019ye yani devlete aktar\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>

Merkez Bankas\u0131 30 milyar TL ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 iki yolla yapabilir:<\/p>

    \n
  1. (Var ise) k\u00e2r\u0131n\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ile<\/li>\n
  2. Yoktan para var ederek<\/li>\n<\/ol>

    Kar \u00fczerinden bu ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015fsa zaten Hazineye ait olan paray\u0131 yine devlete vermi\u015f demektir. Sadece Hazine\u2019nin istedi\u011fi yere harcayaca\u011f\u0131 paran\u0131n \u00f6zel olarak deprem i\u00e7in harcanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f olur. Yoktan para var etti ise bu ek enflasyon olu\u015fturacakt\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece TCMB ba\u011f\u0131\u015f yapt\u0131m diyerek asl\u0131nda 30 milyar TL\u2019yi dolayl\u0131 olarak t\u00fcm T\u00fcrkiye halk\u0131na \u00f6detecek demektir.<\/p>

    Bana sorarsan\u0131z Merkez Bankas\u0131 muhasebele\u015ftirdi\u011finde bu 30 milyar TL\u2019lik ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n kar\u2019dan aktar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rece\u011fiz. TCMB zarar ederse bu zarar da Hazine taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r. Yani merkez bankas\u0131 2022\u2019de ya da 2023\u2019te kar etmediyse ba\u011f\u0131\u015f faturas\u0131 Hazineye kalacak demektir.<\/p>

    Neden merkez bankas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kardan ba\u011f\u0131\u015f yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum? \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc TCMB yoktan para var etme konusunda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck merkez bankalar\u0131na k\u0131yasla \u00e7ok daha muhafazakar hareket ediyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin 2008\u2019\u2019de ABD<\/a> merkez bankas\u0131 Fed<\/a>, kendi bankalar\u0131n\u0131 ve borsalar\u0131n\u0131 kurtarmak i\u00e7in 200 y\u0131lda \u00fcretti\u011fi merkez bankas\u0131 paras\u0131n\u0131n 3,5 kat\u0131n\u0131 5-6 y\u0131lda piyasaya s\u00fcrd\u00fc. 2020\u2019de ise 200 y\u0131lda bast\u0131\u011f\u0131 paran\u0131n 3 kat\u0131n\u0131 3 ayda bast\u0131. Avrupa, \u0130ngiltere, Japonya, \u0130svi\u00e7re vb merkez bankalar\u0131 benzer operasyonlara imza att\u0131.<\/p>

    Merkez bankalar\u0131 yoktan para var etmek i\u00e7in genelde piyasadan devlet bono ve tahvilleri sat\u0131n al\u0131r. Bu tahviller kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda var olmayan para \u00fcretilip piyasaya verilir. Japonya merkez bankas\u0131 o kadar \u00e7ok para bast\u0131 ki mevcut devlet tahvillerin\u0131n %50\u2019sini sat\u0131n ald\u0131. Hatta borsa yat\u0131r\u0131m fonlar\u0131 \u00fczerinden kendi borsas\u0131n\u0131n %7\u2019sinin sahibi haline geldi. \u0130svi\u00e7re Merkez Bankas\u0131 ise yoktan var etti\u011fi yakla\u015f\u0131k 1 trilyon $ de\u011ferinde Frank ile Amerika\u2019dan hisse senedi sat\u0131n ald\u0131.<\/p>

    TCMB ise 2008 ve 2020 krizlerinde para bas\u0131p borsay\u0131 kurtarmaya vs \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131. Bizim y\u00f6netimler TCMB\u2019yi kullan\u0131p borsay\u0131 desteklemeyi de\u011fil daha \u00e7ok devlet bankalar\u0131ndan suni \u015fekilde krediler olu\u015fturup s\u00fcrekli in\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc \u015fi\u015firmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc. Ben 2018\u2019de Merkez Bankas\u0131 fiyatlar \u00e7ok ucuzken alt\u0131n, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f ve Bitcoin<\/a> vb kriptovarl\u0131klar als\u0131n diye \u00f6neri yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m ama g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz gibi TCMB hisse senedi bile alm\u0131yor.<\/p>

    \"tcmb\"<\/figure>

    \u015eimdi yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n yoklu\u011funda deprem felaketi nedeniyle borsa tam anlam\u0131yla \u00e7\u00f6kme tehlikesi ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131nca devlet hisse senetlerini destekleme ama\u00e7l\u0131 bir s\u00fcr\u00fc yeni \u00f6nlem a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131. Bunlardan bir tanesi olarak Bireysel Emeklilik Sistemi\u2019nde (BES) devlet katk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n aktar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 fonlar\u0131n borsaya yat\u0131r\u0131labilecek k\u0131sm\u0131 y\u00fczde 10\u2019dan y\u00fczde 30\u2019a \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Ancak BES fonlar\u0131n\u0131n hisse alabilmesi i\u00e7in \u015fu an ellerinde daha \u00e7ok bulunan devlet tahvillerini bir \u015fekilde satmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Piyasaya sat\u0131\u015f yaparlarsa tahvillerin de\u011feri d\u00fc\u015fer ve faizler artar. Bu noktada TCMB bu devlet tahvillerini sat\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. \u0130\u015fte b\u00f6ylece ilk kez Merkez Bankas\u0131 yoktan para basarak tahvil al\u0131p borsay\u0131 desteklemi\u015f olacak.<\/p>

    Yoktan para var etme konusunda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck merkez bankalar\u0131na k\u0131yasla \u00e7ok \u00e7ekingen olan TCMB\u2019nin 30 milyar TL ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 da para basarak de\u011fil kendi \u2018k\u00e2r\u2019\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131layaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Ancak yukar\u0131da da belirtti\u011fim gibi b\u00f6yle olsa bile Merkez Bankas\u0131 asl\u0131nda zaten Hazine\u2019nin olan bir paray\u0131 yine devlete aktarm\u0131\u015f olacak. Tek fark eskiden hazine bu paray\u0131 her yere harcayabilecekken \u015fimdi sadece depreme harc\u0131yabilecek. Ayn\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmeyi di\u011fer kamu bankalar\u0131n\u0131n ya da devlete ait kurulu\u015flar\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar i\u00e7inde yapabiliriz. Devletin devlete yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n belki tek bir faydas\u0131 olabilir o da \u00f6zel kurulu\u015flar\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f yapmaya te\u015fvik etmek.<\/p>

    TCMB ya da fiilen onu y\u00f6neten Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 neden tahvil sat\u0131n alarak piyasaya para s\u00fcrme konusunda \u00e7ekingen? Muhtemelen b\u00fcy\u00fck merkez bankalar\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131lg\u0131nl\u0131klardan haberleri yok. Ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi sahibi olsalar kendileri de bu \u2018f\u0131rsat\u2019lar\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131rmazd\u0131 diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Enflasyonun daha da co\u015fmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir s\u00fcre daha \u00e7ok bu i\u015fleri \u00f6\u011frenmeden gitseler enflasyon alt\u0131nda ezilen halk i\u00e7in daha hay\u0131rl\u0131 olur\u2026<\/p>

    Kaynaklar:<\/p>

    (1) https:\/\/www.tcmb.gov.tr\/wps\/wcm\/connect\/dfcaf592-5421-4e5e-b12a-56476fb30cb9\/31.12.2021+KZ.pdf?MOD=AJPERES<\/a><\/p>

    _________<\/p>

    \u0130lginizi \u00e7ekebilir:<\/strong><\/p>

    Bitcoin Y\u00fckselirken, Bu \u00d6n Sat\u0131\u015fta 4.5 Milyon Dolar Topland\u0131, \u0130\u015fte Detaylar<\/strong><\/a><\/p>

    Polygon Fiyat Analizi: zkEVM Mainnet Beta G\u00fcncellemesi Yakla\u015f\u0131yor – MATIC 100$ Olur mu?<\/strong><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    D\u00fcn ak\u015fam TV\u2019lerin ortak deprem yard\u0131m kampanyas\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankas\u0131 (TCMB) tam 30 milyar TL ba\u011f\u0131\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyurdu. Herkes \u015fa\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. \u201cTCMB net rezervleri ekside de\u011fil mi? Merkez Bankas\u0131 nereden para buldu da ba\u011f\u0131\u015fl\u0131yor?\u201d sorular\u0131 kafalarda d\u00f6nmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.Bankalar, finansal faaliyetleri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde Merkez Bankas\u0131\u2019ndan s\u00fcrekli bor\u00e7 al\u0131r ve geri \u00f6derler. TCMB bu bor\u00e7lara faiz uygular. Merkez […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,4],"tags":[],"editors":[68],"sponsored_companies":[],"class_list":["post-104563","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exclusives","category-opinions","editors-erkan-oz"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMerkez Bankas\u0131 Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"TCMB 30 Milyar Liral\u0131k ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 nas\u0131l yapt\u0131? Merkez Bankas\u0131 rezervleri ekside de\u011fil miydi? 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