{"id":4956,"date":"2025-11-19T07:47:29","date_gmt":"2025-11-19T07:47:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cryptonews.com\/cz\/?post_type=academy&p=4956\/"},"modified":"2025-11-19T07:47:29","modified_gmt":"2025-11-19T07:47:29","slug":"co-je-erc20","status":"publish","type":"academy","link":"https:\/\/cryptonews.com\/cz\/academy\/co-je-erc20\/","title":{"rendered":"Co je ERC20? Kompletn\u00ed pr\u016fvodce nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00edm tokenov\u00fdm standardem na Ethereu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mnoho zn\u00e1m\u00fdch kryptom\u011bn vzniklo d\u00edky standardu<\/b> ERC20<\/b>, ale co p\u0159esn\u011b tento pojem znamen\u00e1? ERC20 je technick\u00e1 norma, kter\u00e1 definuje jednotn\u00e1 pravidla pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed <\/span>token\u016f<\/span><\/a> na blockchainu <\/span>Ethereum<\/b>. <\/span><\/p>

N\u00e1zev poch\u00e1z\u00ed z ozna\u010den\u00ed <\/span>\u201eEthereum Request for Comment 20\u201c<\/b>. Tento sndard <\/span>v roce 2015 p\u0159edstavili Fabian Vogelsteller a Vitalik Buterin<\/b>, aby sjednotili do t\u00e9 doby fragmentovan\u00fd zp\u016fsob tvorby token\u016f.<\/span><\/p>

V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na v\u00fdvoj standardu ERC20, jeho fungov\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159edstav\u00edme nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ERC20 tokeny a rozebereme v\u00fdhody i slabiny tohoto standardu. Nakonec <\/span>porovn\u00e1me ERC20 s dal\u0161\u00edmi standardy a uk\u00e1\u017eeme postup, jak lze vytvo\u0159it vlastn\u00ed ERC20 token<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>

\"co<\/p>

Historie standardu ERC20<\/span><\/h2>

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\nCo p\u0159esn\u011b st\u00e1lo za vznikem ERC20? P\u0159ed jeho zaveden\u00edm si musel ka\u017ed\u00fd projekt ps\u00e1t vlastn\u00ed strukturu pro smart kontrakt, co\u017e \u010dasto vedlo k <\/span>chyb\u00e1m, nekompatibilit\u011b a probl\u00e9m\u016fm p\u0159i integraci do dApps<\/b>. <\/span>To se zm\u011bnilo, kdy\u017e Vogelsteller a Buterin navrhli jednotnou specifikaci, kter\u00e1 <\/span>v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm poskytla jasn\u011b definovan\u00fd soubor funkc\u00ed a pravidel<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>

Standard ERC20 definoval pevnou sadu funkc\u00ed \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad<\/span> p\u0159enos token\u016f, ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed z\u016fstatk\u016f, ud\u011blen\u00ed opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed nebo schvalov\u00e1n\u00ed transakc\u00ed<\/b>. T\u00edm se v\u00fdvoj stal v\u00fdrazn\u011b jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed a bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. <\/span>V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i z\u00edskali pevn\u00fd r\u00e1mec, u\u017eivatel\u00e9 zase jistotu, \u017ee tokeny budou fungovat p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u011b.<\/b><\/p>

Rychl\u00e1 adopce standardu ERC20 zp\u016fsobila doslova explozi nov\u00fdch projekt\u016f. Zejm\u00e9na v dob\u011b vrcholu ICO, kde se pr\u00e1v\u011b <\/span>ERC20 tokeny staly z\u00e1kladn\u00edm stavebn\u00edm kamenem pro fundraising<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>

Krom\u011b toho pr\u00e1v\u011b tento standard polo\u017eil z\u00e1klady pro <\/span>DeFi revoluci<\/b>. Umo\u017enil toti\u017e <\/span>tokenizovat aktiva, p\u016fj\u010dovat, obchodovat \u010di \u0159\u00eddit protokoly prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm governance token\u016f<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>

\n

Zaj\u00edmavost: <\/b>Jeden z nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch ERC20 token\u016f je <\/span>shiba inu (SHIB)<\/b>. Meme coin, kter\u00fd za\u010dal jako \u017eert, dnes pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed kryptom\u011bny s tr\u017en\u00ed kapitalizac\u00ed kolem 9,5 miliardy dolar\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shiba Inu (SHIB)<\/div>
<\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>
24h<\/span>7d<\/span>30d<\/span>1y<\/span>All time<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/canvas><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n

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Jak funguje ERC20 v s\u00edti Ethereum<\/span><\/h2>

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\nZ technick\u00e9ho hlediska funguj\u00ed <\/span>ERC20 tokeny<\/b> tak, \u017ee <\/span>mus\u00ed implementovat p\u0159esn\u011b definovan\u00e9 funkce, kter\u00e9 jim umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed komunikovat s <\/b>blockchainem<\/b><\/a> Ethereum<\/b>. Tyto funkce umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed token\u016fm komunikovat mezi sebou i s dal\u0161\u00edmi aplikacemi v t\u00e9to s\u00edti.<\/span><\/p>

Tyto funkce zahrnuj\u00ed <\/span>p\u0159evody token\u016f mezi adresami, zji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u016fstatku konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed adresy a potvrzov\u00e1n\u00ed povolen\u00ed k transakc\u00edm<\/b>. Standard z\u00e1rove\u0148 ur\u010duje i ud\u00e1losti, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee smart kontrakt vyvolat \u2014 nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i p\u0159esunu token\u016f nebo p\u0159i nastaven\u00ed povolen\u00e9ho limitu.<\/span><\/p>

V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159 tak nemus\u00ed vym\u00fd\u0161let nic od nuly. <\/span>Jednodu\u0161e implementuje standardn\u00ed rozhran\u00ed a token p\u0159irozen\u011b zapadne do cel\u00e9ho ekosyst\u00e9mu<\/b>. D\u00edky tomu m\u016f\u017ee jak\u00e1koliv dApp, <\/span>burza<\/span><\/a> nebo pen\u011b\u017eenka pracovat s ERC20 tokeny stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem \u2014 bez speci\u00e1ln\u00ed integrace pro ka\u017ed\u00fd token zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165.<\/span><\/p>

Tokeny ERC20 se ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed do b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch ethereum pen\u011b\u017eenek. Transakce jsou validov\u00e1ny s\u00edt\u00ed Ethereum a <\/span>u\u017eivatel plat\u00ed gas poplatky v<\/b> ETH<\/b>, nikoli v dan\u00e9m tokenu. Tato propojenost d\u011bl\u00e1 z ERC20 <\/span>jednu z nejpru\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch tokenov\u00fdch infrastruktur na sv\u011bt\u011b<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>

P\u0159\u00edklady zn\u00e1m\u00fdch ERC20 token\u016f<\/span><\/h2>

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\nKrom\u011b SHIB existuj\u00ed des\u00edtky velmi \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch projekt\u016f zalo\u017een\u00fdch na standardu ERC20<\/strong>. Mezi ty nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/span><\/p>